A cerebral angiogram is an X-ray that shows the blood vessels in the head. In order to see these blood vessels, doctors must inject a dye that provides contrast. They deliver the dye through a thin tube, called a catheter into a vein in the arm, leg or the neck.

The purpose of a cerebral angiogram is to detect problems with the blood vessels. These include:
* aneurysm, which is a sac in the vessel wall that could burst,
* malformations,
* a blood clot,
* unusual narrowing or blockage,
* follow-up on surgery, and
* changes due to a tumor, internal bleeding, or swelling.

The person must not eat for 8 to 10 hours before the test. Most people are awake during the procedure. Some people (especially children) receive a general anesthetic. Others may need a mild sedative to relax. The test can last from 30 minutes to a few hours. Some people are sensitive to the dye. The dye may cause warm feelings, flushed face, temporary headache, salty taste, or nausea and vomiting.

The patient lies on an X-ray table. A device holds his head still. The most common site to inject the dye is the leg. A local anesthetic numbs this site. The healthcare provider then inserts a needle into an artery. The catheter is then moved toward the head. The dye is injected and moves through the vessels that supply the brain. At the same time, X-rays are taken. Images are viewed on a TV monitor or transfered them to a series of still films.

After the test, the person is typically on bed rest for 12 to 24 hours. Providers closely watch for signs of a blood clot, stroke or neurological problems. These include numbness, tingling, weakness in limbs, vision problems, confusion and dizziness. Signs of delayed reaction to the contrast dye include itching, rash, sweating, or difficulty breathing. The puncture site is treated with ice and firm pressure. If the site was in the leg, it should be kept straight for at least 12 hours. The person should drink plenty of fluids to rid the body of dye. Doctors do not recommend cerebral angiography for persons with liver, kidney, or thyroid disease.

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