Strep throat is a throat infection by a specific type of bacteria, streptococcus viridans. It is more serious than most other sore throats. Although strep infections resolve without treatment, left untreated, they can lead to serious lifelong problems.

Strep throat is most common in children aged 5 to 10. It strikes most often between October and April. It spreads easily from person to person by sneezing, coughing, or contact. The bacteria may be present in some people without causing symptoms. Up to 20% of school children may be carriers. Pets may also be carriers.

Symptoms develop 1 to 5 days after infection. They include:
* severe sore throat,
* fever,
* bright red tonsils and throat,
* white or yellow spots at back of throat,
* a swollen, tender neck,
* weakness, and
* loss of appetite.

However, these symptoms can be caused by other bacteria and viruses also. The test for strep throat is a throat culture. This test has become fairly quick and simple. A healthcare provider takes a swab at the back of the throat. Within a few minutes, you have the most likely result. Sometimes the quick test fails to find the infection. Overnight results on the same swab are more accurate. The treatment is antibiotics, usually for 10 to 14 days. It is very important to finish all of the pills. The patient should get bed rest and stay away from other children for 24 hours from the first pill. Dispose of used tissues carefully. Use medications other than aspirin to relieve pain or reduce fever. Aspirin during a fever may lead to Reye's syndrome in children.

Not treating strep throat or stopping the pills early runs the risk of heart damage. This same germ can cause rheumatic fever. This disease can affect the heart, joints, and brain. It can scar the heart valves. This can weaken the heart and leave it open to other infections throughout life. Strep throat can also lead to kidney, ear, or sinus infections.

If you or your child has a sore, red throat, contact your health care provider to see if you need a test. If there is already strep in your family, you may not need further tests. If the symptoms are not like strep, your provider may want to watch the symptoms before ordering any tests or starting treatment.

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